A pilot study to classify salt treated poplar plants using machine learning algorithms

In recent times, salinity has emerged as a significant abiotic stress affecting plant survival in an ecosystem. In the experimental setup, response to salinity is investigated in Populus alba L. ‘Villafranca’ clone transgenic plants (line 16, 22, and 24) over-expressing an aquaporin – aqua1- and compared to P. alba wild-type (Wt). Plants were grown in vivo under both control conditions (0 mM NaCl) and salinity (100 mM NaCl) for the duration of 28 days. This work presents a pilot study to investigate the performance of machine learning based algorithms to classify polar leaves exposed to salt stress treatment, with the aim of performing the task in automated manner. The data set used in this work contain images acquired through a normal RGB camera. Segmentation and normalization based pre-processing is applied on the complete data set. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) based architectures are employed for the extraction of prominent features from the images. Random forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Logistic Regression (LR) classify the extracted feature into the group of plants treated with 100 mM NaCl or otherwise. The comparative analysis is performed and the primary evaluation index, accuracy indicates that classification with SVM and RF achieved highest accuracy 75% and 71% to detect leaves of 100 mM NaCl treated plants.